Bloom's Taxonomy - Graphic credit: Jessica Shabatura (https://tips.uark.edu/using-blooms-taxonomy/)

 

Bloom's Taxonomy 1956
Anderson and Krathwohl's Taxonomy 2001

1. Knowledge: 

Remembering or retrieving previously learned material. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:

  • know, identify, relate, list, define, recall, memorize, repeat, record, name, recognize, acquire

1. Remembering:

Recognizing or recalling knowledge from memory. Remembering is when memory is used to produce or retrieve definitions, facts, or lists, or to recite previously learned information. 

2. Comprehension:

The ability to grasp or construct meaning from material. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:

  • restate, locate, report, recognize, explain, express, identify, discuss, describe, discuss, review, infer, illustrate, interpret, draw, represent, differentiate, conclude

2. Understanding: 

Constructing meaning from different types of functions be they written or graphic messages or activities like interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring, comparing, or explaining.

3. Application:

The ability to use learned material, or to implement material in new and concrete situations. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:  

  • apply, relate, develop, translate, use, operate,
    organize, employ, restructure, interpret, demonstrate, illustrate, practice, calculate, show, exhibit, dramatize

3. Application:

The ability to use learned material, or to implement material in new and concrete situations. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:  

4. Analysis:

The ability to break down or distinguish the parts of material into its components so that its organizational structure may be better understood. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:  

  • analyze, compare, probe, inquire, examine, contrast, categorize, differentiate, contrast, investigate, detect, survey, classify, deduce,
    experiment, scrutinize, discover, inspect, dissect, discriminate, separate

4. Analyzing: 

Breaking materials or concepts into parts, determining how the parts relate to one another or how they interrelate, or how the parts relate to an overall structure or purpose. Mental actions included in this function are differentiating, organizing, and attributing, as well as being able to distinguish between the components or parts. When one is analyzing, he/she can illustrate this mental function by creating spreadsheets, surveys, charts, or diagrams, or graphic representations.

 5. Synthesis:

The ability to put parts together to form a coherent or unique new whole. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are:  

  • compose, produce, design, assemble, create, prepare, predict, modify, tell, plan, invent, formulate, collect, set up, generalize, document, combine, relate, propose, develop, arrange, construct, organize, originate, derive, write, propose

5. Evaluating: 

Making judgments based on criteria and standards through checking and critiquing. Critiques, recommendations, and reports are some of the products that can be created to demonstrate the processes of evaluation.  In the newer taxonomy, evaluating comes before creating as it is often a necessary part of the precursory behavior before one creates something.    

6. Evaluation:

The ability to judge, check, and even critique the value of material for a given purpose. Examples of verbs that relate to this function are: 

  • judge, assess, compare, evaluate, conclude, measure, deduce, argue, decide, choose, rate, select, estimate, validate, consider, appraise, value, criticize, infer

6. Creating:

Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing. Creating requires users to put parts together in a new way, or synthesize parts into something new and different creating a new form or product.  This process is the most difficult mental function in the new taxonomy. 

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BLOOM’S TAXONOMY ACTION VERBS

A printable document of this information can be found here.

Level

Knowledge

Comprehension/

Understand

Application

Analysis

Synthesis/Create

Evaluation

Definition

Remember previously learned information.

Demonstrate an understanding of the facts.

Apply knowledge to actual situations

Break down objects or idea into simpler parts and find evidence  to support generalizations

Compile component ideas into a new whole or propose  alternative solutions.

Make and refend judgments based on internal evidence or external criteria.

Verbs

Copy

Define

Duplicate

Enumerate

Identify

Label

List

Locate

Match

Memorize

Name

Order

Outline

Recognize

Relate

Recall

Recite

Repeat

Reproduce

Record

State

Tabulate

Tell

Describe

Discuss

Explain

Express

Extend

Generalize

Indicate

Locate

Paraphrase

Rewrite

Review

Select

Summarize 

Translate

Trace

Apply

Administer

Change

Chart

Compute

Demonstrate

Determine

Discover

Employ

Give

Examples

Illustrate

Interpret

Manipulate

Model

Operate

Practice

Show 

Sketch

Solve

Transfer

Use

Analyze

Appraise

Breakdown

Calculate

Catagorize

Compare

Contrast

Criticize

Diagram

Differentiate

Discriminate

Distriguish

Examine

Experiment

Identify

Illustrate

Point Out

Seperate

Subdivide

Survey

Test

Validate

Anticipate

Arrange

Assemble

Collect

Combine

Comply

Compose

Construct

Create

Design

Develop

Devise

Formulate

Generate

Hypothesize

Plan

Prepare

Rearrange

Reconstruct

Reorganize

Set up

Simulate

Speculate

Structure

Synthesize

Appraise

Argue

Assess

Choose

Compare

Conclude

Critiquing

Defend

Estimate

Evaluate

Infer

Judge

Justify

Persuade

Rate

Recommend

Select

Support

Value